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A learning task based on the reinforcement learning model. The current version is based on the paper by Frank, Woroch and Curran. (2005). Neuron, 47(4), 495-501.

Blackboard Assets

This experiment functions as an "asset pack", meaning the "assets" folder is full of useful free-use stuff for you to use to give your experiments a chalk-drawn look . Give it a run to see for yourself!

Background

The background image is courtesy of Francesco Ungaro on Pexels. You can use it as the background in your experiment version 2023.1.0 or later via the Screen tab in Experiment Settings, in earlier versions you will need to create an Image component in each routine.

Icons

The icons folder contains hand-drawn icons from limofetus on itch.io, as these are white you can change their color in an Image component by changing the "color" parameter.

Fonts

The experiment includes some examples of fonts which work well with a blackboard aesthetic. All of these are available free via Google Fonts, which means you can refer to them by name and PsychoPy will go off and fetch the font file without any need for you to install it. If you would prefer to have them installed however, for example if you're running on a lab PC with no internet connection, the fonts folder contains all of the .ttf files needed to install them.

Colors

The polygons at the bottom of the experiment show the colors used in the image assets, for a consistent look it's best to stick to these colors for any shapes or text you add to your experiment. Click here to view the color scheme on coolors, a handy web tool for making and sharing color schemes.

A forward and Backward Digit Span test for Working Memory The test adapts to participnts' answers and a score is calculated following Woods et al. (2012)

In this task participants are required to press either left or right arrow key depending on which way the fish in centre is facing. Participants are required to ignore the direction of the surrounding fish. This is a children version of Flanker Task based on M. Rosario Rueda et al. (2004).

Sustained Attention to Response Time Task (SART)

This SART task is modeled on the framework used in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

Participants must press a button (mouse or onscreen) in response to a series of digits and withold responses on the number 3)

Each digit appears for 300ms, with an interval of 800ms between digits. The cycle of digits 1–9 is repeated 23 times, giving a total of 207 trials. The task lasts approximately for 4min

Citations

Robertson I. H. Manly T. Andrade J. Baddeley B. T. Yiend J . (1997). ‘Oops!’: Performance correlates of everyday attentional failures in traumatic brain injured and normal subjects. Neuropsychologia, 35, 747–758. doi:S0028-3932(97)00015-8 [pii]

Aisling M. O’Halloran, Ciaran Finucane, George M. Savva, Ian H. Robertson, Rose Anne Kenny, Sustained Attention and Frailty in the Older Adult Population, The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, Volume 69, Issue 2, March 2014, Pages 147–156, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbt009

This Arrow Simon task is one of a series of child-friendly conflict tasks (see also AnimalStroop, SizeSimon, AnimalSimon). In this experiment, participants should respond to the direction in which the arrow points using key presses.

Created for Eliza Yujun Ng December 2018

Numbers are presented at a rate of one per second. The first digit cannot be 0 Following digits can be 0 but cannot be the same as the previous digit.

If the answer is correct the span is increased for the next trial If the answer is wrong the span is decreased for the next trial

If there are at least two errors at a given span and that represents more than half of the total attempts at that span then the experiment ends, returning a span of one less than the final span attempted.

In this task participants are required to press either left or right arrow key depending on which way the fish in centre is facing. Participants are required to ignore the direction of the surrounding fish. This is a children version of Flanker Task based on M. Rosario Rueda et al. (2004).

container based version of tower of london

In this experiment participants are required to respond whenever the stimulus (square) location matches its location the previous trial (N-back-1). N-back-2 trials involve responding whenever the location of the square is the same as its location 2 trials before. This task is based on Kirchner (1958) experiment.